ABSTRACT
The evidence for the effects of blood exchange transfusion on selenium [Se] in newborn infants is unknown. This study was conducted to determine the possible effects of blood exchange transfusion on Se by comparing the Se blood concentrations before and after exchange transfusion in jaundiced neonates. A total of 30 jaundiced term neonates who underwent blood exchange transfusion [EXT] for first time because of idiopathic unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, were recruited. The Se level of 30 blood bank donors' samples used for EXT were measured and 30 pairs of uncontaminated umbilical cord blood samples were investigated for Se before and after exchange transfusion. The samples were analyzed by instrumental neutron activation analysis method. Serum bilirubin concentrations were measured by venous blood samples before EXT. The average of Se concentration before EXT was higher than that after EXT [629.78 +/- 283.82 SD ppb versus 454.83 +/- 213.75 SD ppb] [P<0.05]. There was significant correlation between the blood concentration of Se before and after EXT and also between the blood level of Se before EXT and total serum bilirubin level [P<0.05]. There was no significant correlation between the blood concentration of Se before EXT and babies' gender and weight [P>0.05]. The average Se level in samples obtained from transfused blood products was 507.90 +/- 223.56 SD ppb. Blood exchange transfusion caused a 28% decrease of the blood Se level because the blood donors had lower blood Se levels than the newborns. Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between the blood level of Se before EXT and the total serum bilirubin level
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Selenium/blood , Infant, Newborn , Neutron Activation Analysis , Jaundice, Neonatal , Bilirubin/bloodABSTRACT
Nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis are common in both term and premature infants who have had difficult neonatal courses. Multiple factors may contribute and being born from a diabetic mother Is one of them. This case is about a neonate with nephrocalcinosis she is followed to 9months and remained healthy during a 9 month follow up
ABSTRACT
There is a growing concern about an increasing bilirubin-induced neurological dysfunction [BIND] in healthy term neonates with no evidence of hemolytic disease or other risk factors. This study was done to determine the incidence of BIND in otherwise healthy, breast-fed newborn term infants without hemolysis who underwent exchange transfusion. This study was conducted in jaundiced newborn infants <7 days of age, from April 2005 to April 2007. The infants were selected if they underwent double volume exchange transfusion [ET] in the first week of life. Babies with any condition affecting neurodevelopment were excluded. Data obtained by clinical findings, and predetermined laboratory tests, and questionnaires. Infants with suspected bilirubin associated brain damage were reviewed according to findings. During the 2- year period, 140 term newborn infants underwent ET; 7 of these patients were excluded; 133 patients were followed and 69 patients were selected without BIND, and 64 were assigned to the group with BIND. This study showed that 48% of jaundiced newborn infants who underwent exchange transfusion, manifested bilirubin induced neurological dysfunction. Unsuccessful breast feeding was found to be a statistically significant risk factor for BIND [p:0.001], sex, route of delivery, family history of jaundice, mean maternal age, number of gravity, parity, abortion, and babies mean admission age ,mean age at jaundice presentation, amount of weight loss, mean total serum bilirubin level were not found to significantly influence BIND. Of the healthy term neonates who developed jaundice within the first week of life, 48% without hemolysis who underwent exchange transfusion demonstrated BIND. It is still not clear whether acute bilirubin encephalopathy affects neurodevelopmental outcome or not. Unsuccessful breast feeding was found to be a statistically significant risk factor
ABSTRACT
ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn is most common cause of neonatal jaundice; previous studies have shown a poor correlation between serologic tests and clinical course in affected infants. The aim of this study was to identify the value of direct and indirect Coombs' immunohematological tests, to identify the incidence of hemolytic disease in newborns [ABO-HDN]. This two-year retrospective study of 1800 jaundiced term-neonates studied 355 cases due to ABO incompatibility divided into two groups: with and without hemolytic disease. Relation of laboratory parameters and immunohematological tests to severity of disease were studied. We did not analyze the maternal antibody titer or elusion test, and this was a limitation of the study. In this study, 355 [19.7%] of all jaundiced newborn infants were ABO incompatibles; 98 [27.6%] of the newborns who had ABO incompatibility showed ABO-HDN [5.4% of total icteric patients]. The positive direct antiglobulin [direct Coombs' test] and indirect antiglobulin [indirect Coombs' test] were diagnostic in 18.2% and 25.5% respectively in affected infants. The overall prevalence of immunohematological tests associated with ABO-HDN was 43.7%. There was significant correlation between positive antiglobulin tests and severity of jaundice [P=0.000]; also there was a significant difference between indirect and direct Coombs' test and severity of jaundice [P= 0.002]. The antiglobulin tests, namely the indirect Coombs' [IC] test and direct Coombs' [DC] test are very useful to detect the newborns liable to serious jaundice
ABSTRACT
Portal venous thrombosis [PVT] is one of the most common causes of extrahepatic portal hypertension in children that may be occurring following umbilical venous cauterization or omphalities during neonatal period. We investigated the effects of umbilical cauterization during neonatal period on portal vein thrombosis. This study investigated the frequency of thrombosis of portal vein in term or preterm infants following umbilical catheterization by color doppler ultrasound. Fifty neonates who had age range [3.6+ 8days] and birth weights 1250- 4230 gram were recruited for this study and umbilical venous catheters were placed on neonates. All parents of these neonates signed a consent form. Color doppler ultrasound sonography of the portal vein was performed by two expert radiologists within 3 days following umbilical cauterization and serially for at least a period of 6 months intervals up to 3 years [6 times for each case]. Ten children were excluded from the study because of lack of follow up. Forty children completed the study. From total of 40 subjects, portal vein thromboses were detected in two children [1 girl, 1 boy] with age 2.5 and 1.5 years respectively. In these two children, other clinical signs of portal vein thrombosis manifested such as esophageal and stomach varices and splenomegaly confirmed by endoscopy. In all the other children, the physical examinations and ultrasounds were normal during 6 stages. It is recommended that care be exercised during cauterization placement in order to prevent thrombosis of the portal vein from occurring
ABSTRACT
The goal of this study was to identify the risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity [ROP] in neonatal intensive care unit in preterm infants born with birth weight 1000-2000g or at gestational age less than 34 weeks. From August 2000 to December 2001, 50 preterm newborn infants with birth weights less than 2000 g or gestational age less than 34 weeks admitted to the NICU were studied. Newborn infants with birth weight between 1200-2000g who received more than 6 hours oxygen and newborn infants with birth weight 1000-1200 g regardless of oxygen therapy, who survived until 4 weeks postnatal, were enrolled and followed. Patients underwent indirect ophthalmologic examination by two ophthalmologists between 4-8 weeks post partum. The newborn infants who had ROP were assigned to case group and those without ROP to control group, both groups were reexamined every 2-4 weeks or according to international classification of retinopathy of prematurity [ICROP] advice Fifty newborn infants, 36 [72%] in control group, 14 [28%] in case group, were studied. Gestational age and birth weight of the patients with ROP were significantly lower than those of control group. Duration of oxygen therapy, hyperoxia, acidosis, hypercarbia, hypocarbia and phototherapy are suggested as risk factors contributing to ROP. The results of this study demonstrate that the ROP frequency remains elevated among premature and very low birth weight infants. Infants at risk for ROP should have screening eye examinations and proper treatment